Market Analysis and Prospects for Timber Buildings in The Developing Essay

Market Analysis and Prospects for Timber Buildings in The Developing World - Essay Example The rapid growth in industrialization, urbanization and civilization brought many problems by which not only human beings but also all the other livening things are suffering and our entire planet has come in danger. It has been now the major priority to save our planet from being deteriorated. In such a situation before creating anything the environmental factor is taken into consideration. Construction line is also not at all exceptional. Today as all of us are acquainted with the drawbacks of the concrete or steel buildings, it has become necessary to think the other alternatives which the environment also will accept and it won’t be harmful to the environment. The research paper aims at investigating how beneficial it will be to use the timber in constructing the buildings. The objective of this research therefore is to study different benefits of using timber in building material. It is also the aim of this research to find out the profitability in using timber for constructing the buildings and houses in rural and urban areas in developing world. For this the scientific, ecological benefits are analysed and the future market of timber buildings is also focussed. The project represents a significant portion of the final year work of a degree programme. Progress during the year and the final report are both used as part of the assessment process. For this 150 hours have been spend in research and preparation of the final report. The topic for the research project is the â€Å"Market Analysis and Prospects of Timber Buildings in Developing World.† Timber has been an ideal material for building. Historically it is proved that wood has an inherent strength and durability and that is why it is an ideal material for building. Today when the architects and engineers plan to build the buildings they look at timber as their preference. In ancient time the man used to build the houses made by the Lignocelluloses

The First World War Satire Essay Example for Free

The First World War Satire Essay How does Blackadder Goes Forth satirize the First World War and how does it fit into the situation comedy genre as a whole? A situation comedy, or a sit-com, is a comedy series projected from radio or television. The programme itself is based upon how characters react to unusual or comic situations. Situation comedies follow specific characters that encounter situations and then they try and deal with them. In each episode of a situation comedy, the story follows the same characters. Most situation comedies are set in a specific place that forms the set for every episode. A flat is commonly used in situation comedies for the set. Popular examples of flat share situation comedies are Only Fools and Horses and Friends. These two sit-coms are extremely popular, and both are set in a flat. Situation comedies used to form gaps in between more important shows. This was soon changed as the demand for sit-coms massively grew. They are now one of the most dominant television genres around. Blackadder is a situation comedy. It is a most unusual sit-com as in each series the scene is based on a different timeline. Blackadder has been through Elizabethan times, many other timelines and important historical times, and then ends up with the final series in World War One. Most other sit-coms dont do this instead each of their different series is set on the same timeline and in the same place. This is one of the points that make Blackadder different, as in each series the eager watchers dont know what to expect. Blackadder goes forth is also different from the usual sit-com as it is the same situation every episode. The majority of sit-coms dont do this, instead they are based in the same place, but with a different humorous situation with which the characters have to deal with. In Blackadder Goes Forth the situation is exactly the same just the characters deal with it differently. The situation is that Blackadder himself is trying to escape and relieve himself of the hideous atrocities of the First World War. Of course like in any other sit-com, things go very wrong for him and comic experiences pop up along the way. Altogether Blackadder fits into the situation comedy genre in a sense, as it is a sit-com, but is totally different from the majority of other sit-coms. Blackadder has a different story every episode, involves the same characters in every episode, and takes place in the same place in every episode. The differences of Blackadder to the mainstream of sit-coms are shown obviously. This is shown in many ways; one is that Blackadder is set in different historical time in each different series. This attracts viewers to watch Blackadder, because they want to see something new rather than the usual flat share show with people shouting bawdy jokes. This is why the producers of Blackadder have made the show different from the usual sit-com. Another reason why Blackadder is different from most sit-coms is that the situation is the same in every episode of Blackadder. Nearly every other sit-com has different situations and different ways in which the characters tackle these situations. Blackadder Goes Forth doesnt. The situation is of Blackadder trying to escape the war in any way he can. He tries lots of different approaches to deal with his problem, but every episode he fails. This becomes very amusing as no matter how hard he tries; he just cant get out of fighting in the war. Another very important feature in Blackadder that is dissimilar to other sit-coms is the way that even though the scene is set on a historical time scale, Blackadder still has 20th Century views. All the other characters in the whole programme have views of life that relate to the time scale that they are set in, while Blackadder has views of life that we would. This is what makes Blackadder so hilarious to us, as we can relate to precisely what Blackadder is saying and thinking, while all the other characters in the play are trapped in that time zone with historical thoughts, Blackadder makes fun of all the stupid things that happened within that time zone and has the same views and points to express as we do. The one other reason why Blackadder Goes Forth doesnt fit well into the genre of situation comedies is that Blackadder uses satirical comments and elements throughout the programmes. This makes the programme extremely funny, but also makes a point in which we can understand and learn from. Satire is using humour or exaggeration to show what it is bad about a person or thing. Blackadder uses this strongly in all of its episodes in all of its series. Blackadder: Well George, I strongly suspect your long wait for certain death is nearly at an end This is portraying the scene that everyone who wanted action in the war is going to be sent to his or her deaths. The reason why the produces of Blackadder decided to make different historical time scales for their series was possibly so they could use satire to make a point about those different time lines. With Blackadder using satire in this way it gives viewers the humour and hilarity that we get and love from all sit-coms, but also spreading a point across the country about how bad those situations were and how badly our ancestors handled them. So the reason why Blackadder is a funny character is because he is the only sane man and fools surround him. This makes us learn from mistakes that have happened in the past but also provides us with the amusement that we want when we watch a sit-com. Satirical elements are present in Blackadder, even in the title sequence at the start of each episode. There are many satirical elements in the title sequence; the first one being the two rows of five men marching after a sergeant majors command. The first row of soldiers is bandsmen wearing the traditional red colours of the English army. The second row of soldiers is armed forces, wearing the up-to-date camouflage green. This is satirizing the tactics of the British army. The way in which Blackadder does this is by having the bandsmen in red marching in front of the armed forces, it symbolizes that the bandsmen are more important. It shows that playing instruments and wearing smart colours and clothes into battle is more important then staying undetected with camouflage and looking scruffy. This satirizes British tactics and approach to war. It also shows that the British army is out of date, as fighting in bright colours was a thing of the past, showing that the commanders were just old forgotten war heroes who needed to be slapped up-to-date if they wanted to keep their men alive. It also satirizes the fact that blood is to come for those soldiers are behind. The blood red of the bandsmen shirts marching in front of the armed forces means that blood is to come for them and pour from their bullet stricken bodies. There is a character in Blackadder Goes Forth, named baldrick. In the title sequence he is out of place in the band and is franticly running around to find his place. Baldrick is a private in the army. This satirizes the privates as being stupid and out of place fighting in such a war. Also that Baldrick is in the band, and not in the armed forces row like he should be satirizes that he is out of place in the army, and will do more good playing a triangle in a parade. As baldrick is out of place, there is still no place for him in the ranks of men as both are of equal numbers and there is no more room for him. This emphases the point even more that the dim privates are out of place in the war, and they shouldnt be put there, as they dont understand it. How can a man be expected to shoot if he cant even find a place in a band? This is the satirizing point that Blackadder is making when the character baldrick is out of position. Also in the title sequence General Melchett and Captain Darling are standing atop a podium watching the soldiers march. General Melchett is wearing cavalry clothes. This satirizes the generals in the war by showing that they are out of touch and out of date with the tactics of war. They still think that cavalry are the best option to winning a battle, but now that machine guns have been invented cavalry are useless. Yet the generals do not know this, and assume that old tactics are good, but they arent. Captain Darling is cowering behind the General. This satirizes the Captains in the war. This shows that they were cowards and used the Generals as protection to stop them having to fight. Further on in the title sequence Lieutenant George is smiling in a childish way as he marches forwards. This is satirizing the pompous Lieutenants. Showing that they believe that war is just a game, and they should enjoy every minute off it. This is of course the wrong attitude to take to war, as you killed be obliterated any second. Aside from the title sequence, the whole programme contains satirical elements throughout its course, one of these being the living conditions of the soldiers shown in the programme. Blackadder opens up the programme of the last ever episode of Blackadder goes forth with: Hullo, Somme Public Baths. No running, shouting or piddling in the shallow end. Aside from this being droll, it also makes a great satirical point on how the living conditions of the soldiers actually were. The soldiers were caked in mud up to their elbows and sopping wet with the continuous moral beating rain. It satirizes how bad the living conditions really were by basically saying it was wet, and the rain was the least of the soldiers problems at that time. Private baldrick explains that the coffee that all the soldiers have been drinking for months is actually hot mud. He also describes what each of the elements of the coffee is. He states that the milk is saliva, the sugar is dandruff and although he doesnt state what the chocolate sprinklings are, he gives us a very good idea of what they could be! All this satirizes the living conditions of the poor soldiers that had to live in here day in and day out. They were soaked in rain, encrusted in mud, and drinking hot mire with all manner of things inside, but worst of all being pounded by shells all day long. Blackadder Goes Forth also satirizes everyones attitudes to war. Starting with the Generals, they had the worst attitude towards war. As the Generals were not in the trenches and not experiencing the horrors of war, they had no idea what it was like. The generals still thought war was what it used to be, fighting against unarmed enemies that cant win the fight. As general Melchett explains, That pigmy woman with the sharpened mango could have seriously Apart from this being comical, it has a real satirizing point to it. The old wars in which the English used to fight were against aborigines with no weapons other than maybe a spear. The English couldnt really loose a battle against such little an opposition, and from that day they thought they could win any battle that faced them, as they were full of themselves over their glorious victories. This is the attitude that the generals still possessed when commanding in World War One, especially in the Somme area that Blackadder goes forth is set. It satirizes the generals lack of understanding of modern warfare, and shows how they believe they will always win. In the episode Goodbyeee, Field Marshall Haig is playing with toy soldiers. This is satirizing the generals perspective of warfare, and apart from it being hilarious it proves just what the generals were like. They thought that war was a game and that it didnt matter who won or lost. This is shown as Haig knocks over a handful of the plastic soldiers on his model battlefield. Blackadder himself satirizes the advance and progress the army has made while at war, Weve advanced as far as an asthmatic ant with heavy shopping. Apart from this being droll, it satirizes how far the army progresses with such stupid and out of date tactics and childish generals. This relates highly to World War One as the army progressed about a few inches a year, as the generals just didnt know what to do. Another main thing that is satirized is the ranks of different troops. With the generals, they thought that war was just a game. This is shown and satirized in Blackadder by the way the general plays with toy soldiers. He used this as his tactics, moving individual toys and then knocking them over in one fell swoop. This actually shows that he expected his men to die, but sent them in regardless of the consequences, as he was bored of sitting in one place for a long period of time. Being incredibly child-like satirizes the lieutenants. This is shown in the character George. He is satirizing the pompous upper-class lieutenant. He always has a silly grin on his face and relates everything that happens in the war to a well know game of some sort. He even states that he played tiddly winks when signing up to volunteer for the war. He makes such remarks as by saying, we ducked and we dived. This is satirizing views of many soldiers in the war, as they just didnt have a clue about what it was really like. They just thought it was like participating in a sport match, and whatever the outcome, no one would get hurt, but how wrong they were. The other rank that is displayed and satirized in Blackadder is the private. Baldrick plays this role, and acts as the dim private, which is exactly what he is. He is always one step behind everyone else, in the mental way, and in the literal way. As in the title sequence he is behind everyone, and in the speeches he is behind everyone. He is satirizing the low-class dim private. At the end of the last episode Goodbyeee, just before they are about to go over the top, baldrick is more concerned about getting a splinter while climbing the ladder then getting mowed down in a hail of lead by a machine gun. This is because he doesnt understand what is going on. This is satirizing the fact that the dim people shouldnt be there, because if they dont understand what they are doing, how can they possibly fight? Captain Blackadder plays the other rank. He is the only commonsensical man in the whole warfare situation. This is how Blackadder is made funny, as he satirizes everything around him and makes fun of everything. He shares our views of the war, and tries in vain to get out of fighting just as we would, but to no amend, as the generals cant understand why he would possibly not want to go out and fight. This satirizes the generals lack of understanding. Fools surround Blackadder, this satirizes that everyone fighting was a fool, and with such stupid people everywhere, how can they win the war. It also satirizes that no one understands the war, no matter how clever or how high rank. And that everyone is as stupid as the private as they have no idea to fight a war more than he does. The equipment is the last thing that is satirized. This is done by the sticks that the higher ranking officers hold. These sticks do nothing at all. I wouldnt want to face a machine gun without one of these George explains to Blackadder. This is satirizing the fact that some of the equipment had no purpose, and some of the people didnt have a clue what a machine gun could actually do to you.

The Road to Becoming a Teacher Essay -- Careers Jobs Teaching essays r

Teachers bear the heavy responsibility of molding the minds of our nation’s most precious resource, its children. The road to becoming a teacher is a long one, involving post-high school education, people skills, and a desire to change lives. These traits, when accompanied by experience and good techniques, form the foundation for an effective, life-altering educator.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Before anything else, teachers must have a desire to impact the lives of their students (Education). Some teachers teach because they want to help children learn and grow and would like to make a contribution to society. Others have an intellectual fascination with a certain subject (such as math or history), have been inspired by one of their own teachers, or feel they have a sense of commitment to their country (Recruit). One thing is certain, teachers that go into the profession for selfish reasons will find it hard to commit to their career. The salary for a teacher is not likely to make a person rich, so their motives must be based on helping improve the minds of future generations (Kizlik).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If there is a desire to be a teacher, it must also be coupled with education, training, and preparation. To serve as a public school educator, one must have obtained at least a bachelor’s degree, completed an approved teacher education program, and be licensed (School Teachers). These qualifications are universal for all fifty States and the District of Columbia. Instructors may be licensed to teach the early childhood grades (usually nursery school through grade 3); the elementary grades (grades 1 through 6 or 8); the middle grades (grades 5 through 8); a secondary education subject area (usually grades 7 through 12); or a special subject, such as reading or music (usually grades K through 12) (School Teachers).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The requirements for licensing differ from state to state. However, it is a necessity to complete an approved teacher-training program with a prescribed number of subject and education credits as well as practiced teaching, supervised by an official. In addition, nearly all States demand applicants for teacher licensure to be tested for competency in basic skills such as reading, math, teaching, and subject matter proficiency (School Teachers). Most states use a standardized version of this test, known as the PRAXIS exam (Recruit).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is recommended that prospective te... ...ear alone, experts estimate there will be 150,000 to 250,000 openings in the nation’s elementary and secondary schools. It is also predicted that there will be a need for 2.2 million teachers over the next ten years (Recruit). The greatest need for teachers occurs in rural and urban areas. There is also a great shortage of teachers in specific subjects, such as math, science, bilingual education, and English as a second language (Recruit). Despite this need, teaching is still considered to be one of the most underpaid professions for college-graduates. The average salary for a teacher in the United States in 1998 was $39,347.00 per year. California, however, is the eighth-highest paid state for teachers, receiving an average of $44,585.00 per year (Salary). Though the pay is not high, the rewards of being an instructor are like no other. Teaching provides a person with the opportunity to give back to their community and to impact a significant number of lives. Teachers have a great responsibility laid at their feet. But, with a desire to change lives, a likeable temperament, and the proper education there is now doubt that one can find true success in the field of education.

Critique on John Holt’s Artitlce, Right to Ones Own Learning Essay

John Holt (1923-1985) was a renowned teacher and a controversial educational figure who advocated the school reform. His analysis on the concept of homeschooling from various perspectives provides a deeper insight on the beneficial aspects of this idea. It was because of the persuading appeal of his work that it became one of the forces behind the homeschooling movements of 70’s and 80’s. After graduating from his university he served the US Navy for 3 years and after concluding his duty tour he became a part of the UWF( United World Federalists). Starting from the mailroom, he was able to set his mark at the executive director post after 6 years but resigned because of the ineffectiveness of the company. It was after this history when he was constantly urged by his sister to put his efforts into teaching. Being surrounded by hundreds of young minds, he was able to analyze the bugs in the universal education system that eats up the potential of the students. Holts’ exceptional works , Escape from childhood: The needs and rights of children, How children learn and How children fail, were a reflection of his rigid belief in the idea of homeschooling. His article in the Nature Child Project emulates the same believes. In his article John Holt has been able to persuade the readers about the beneficial aspects of the concept of homeschooling while giving a detailed evaluation of the constitutional flaws of the universal education system and the necessary role of the parents in enhancing the potential of their kid. However the writer loses the interest of the readers with his biased opinion on the structure of the universal education system where he has tried to persuade the audience with an emotional impact instead of presenting a logical reasoning to support his claims, makes the audience question the credibility of the text. The compulsory universal education system in the constitution does not only breakdown the developing potential of the kids but also takes away their right of curiosity factor which gives them the freedom to learn and explore. Giving full liberty of choice does not mean that the parent’s opinion loses its worth, but, their efforts should be to provide an organized pathway to their kids so that they can lead the way with their own choices with a better perspective. Further he sheds light on the structure of the education system which exploits the ethical and emotional values of everyone involved. The necessity of performing to survive amongst the immense competition leads to each person, whether the student or the authority itself, dragging down others to get at the top. The writer carries a persuasive approach to attract and convince the audience, portraying an advantageous image of homeschooling. With his constant attack on the universal education methodology from fundamental perspective and his comments on the immoral viruses induced in the students by the structure of this education system, he is trying to highlight the audience with the necessity of homeschooling. An idea which carries a more widened approach towards learning and boosting the potential skills of the students, keeping them safe of the social isolation and the unethical morals on which the universal education system works. Highlighting the concept of universal education and the issues concerned to it, the writer has narrowed down the subject to those countries which works on this system. Though his approach to highlight the psychological aspect and the issue concerned to the development of social and ethical practices of a student are shared by all. So whilst keeping under discussion the bugs of the American Universal Education system, he has broadened the discussion to a globalised audience and highlighted the issues faced by all encompassing. Holt has given an organized structure to the content of the text. Starting with an explanation of the subject matter, he has engaged the audience to the topic under discussion and then he has pinned down the questions of the audience concerned to the topic by giving legitimate facts to support his claims. After which he gives an insight to the flaws of the universal education system which further supports his stand on the subject matter. He has tried explaining each issue using a popular style of writing, so that the text can be enjoyed by a broader audience and they can develop a clear understanding of the subject matter in the text. The uniform transition of the text has made it easier for the audience to link the following point to the one before it, and develop a clear understanding of the issues highlighted as each point being discussed is clarifying the point discussed before it. With his utter focus on the topic, he has not distracted from the main issue on a single instance. This helps the audience to develop a clear understanding of the issues he has put forth. Carrying a serious, straightforward tone and his mastery over sarcasm he has been able to depict the true image of the universal education system . His use of sarcasm on various instances in the article plays a pivotal role in helping the reader identify the reality juxtaposed against the false picture of universal education portrayed by the authorities. For example when he states ,† They thought it was enough to guarantee citizens the freedom of speech and the freedom to spread their ideas†¦.. it did not occur to them that even the most tyrannical government would try to control people’s mind†( Holt 1) This captures the interest of the readers and explains the fundamental issue of constitutional flaw concerned to education policy , which is designed in such a way that it restricts the freedom of thought and learning of the kid. On another instance he states,† It only means that if their natural authority is not strong enough parents can’t call in the cops to make the child do what they are not able to persuade him to do. † (Holt 2) Here he effectively conveys his disapproval of the hardships that the kid has to face if he/she resists the structured plan of the authorities, with that enlightening the necessity of the positive response of the parents in shaping their child’s potential. It is the attitude they carry towards their child’s potential and his field of interest, that they can either make their child or break their child. Along with sarcasm the writer makes effective use of a serious and straightforward tone to convey his thoughts on the significance of the fundamental rights which are snatched away from the students by the constitution itself , saying, â€Å"No human right except the right to life itself is more fundamental than this. (Holt 1) Further to illuminate the reader about the unethical values that are induced in us by the structure of the educational system the writer says, † In most schools, a student is every minute doing what others tell him, subject to their judgment, in situations in which he can only win at the expense of the others. † (Holt 3) On this occasion he evokes the threat to ethical and emotional values of the student body that the educational system imposes. Having said that, the writer loses the credibility of his work when he starts generalizing his opinion on a few cases and making biased assumptions while commenting on the parenting concerned questions raised by the people, when he states, † the questioner assumes and implies (though rarely says) that these bad parents are people poorer and less schooled than him. â€Å"( Holt 2) He has narrowed his response to just the poor without even being sure whether the question implies to the poor or it may be applicable to everyone. He makes strong allegations against the education system when he claims ,† schools seem to me among the most democratic, most authoritarian, most destructive and most dangerous institutions of the modern society. † (Holt 3) The absence of logical explanation to support such allegations makes the audience believe the writer is trying to put shadow on the lack of weight in his claims, by using an unnecessary emotional impact. Despite his biased assumptions and the fact that the writer has not been able to provide a logical reasoning while stating his views concerned to the social and unethical impact of the education system. His detailed explanations and a series of empirical analysis of his facts on the issues concerned to the fundamental perspective and necessity of parent’s role is commendable and many can relate to it. Therefore in this context the writer has been able to attract the readers to his opinion, as the credibility of the text carries a greater weight compared to its flaws. Although Pakistani society does not share the universal education concept, the issues brought forth by Holt concerning to academic, ethical and social development are shared by global student body. Questions concerning the duty of parents on this subject, the exploitation of ethics and freedom of learning by the authorities has become a concern for people students of Pakistani society too. The way the education system is shaped restricts the students to follow a structured plan, against their wills, to fit in the society. Lack of exposure to versatile fields of work has turned the students in to robots who are manufactured for a specific function and are dumped if not workable. A student with a sheer creative talent would be forced to become an engineer to â€Å"fit in† because of the lack of choices and resources to enhance his skills. As John Holt sheds light on the substantial duty of the parents concerned to their child , it cannot be ignored that parents are burdened with a certain responsibility to provide their child with the ideal resources, preparing them to tackle the hardships of a practical life. John Holt on the other hand was never married nor had any children. He does not share this concern and might not be able to get an insight on their perspective. Though his claim, that the positive attitude of the parent’s can boost their child’s potential, is supported by the quoted work of educational expertise in Chris Klicka’s article , Socialization: Homeschoolers are in the real world. Dr Larry Shyers after doing an empirical analysis on the subject matters concluded , † home-schooled children behave better because they tend to imitate their parents† (Klicka 1) Questions are raised regarding the socializing skills and maturity of the homeschooled students. The Psychological tests and their evaluation by the authorities in Chris Klicka’s article, † Socialization: homeschoolers are in real world, speak a different language on this concept. The widened exposure to the people of different age group and distinctive backgrounds enhances their communication skills. This concept was authorized by a respected psychologist, John Wesley Taylor. He tested the social skills of 224 children and summed up the experimental response stating ,† The study found that 50 percent of the children scored above the 90th percentile, and only 10. percent scored below the national average. † (Klicka 1) Smedley, an authority in the field of psychology, doing an experimental evaluation on this issue concluded ,† the results demonstrated that the home-schooled children were better socialized and more mature than the children in the public school. The home-schooled children scored in the 84th percentile while the matched sample of public school children only scored in the 27th percentile. † (klicka 1)This study further answers the concerning questions of the audience relating to the development and learning skills. With a liberty to pursue the work which they want to, homeschooled holds a more focused perspective which enhances their learning. They tend to perform better than the students of the universal education system, on the SAT’s and other tests which evaluates the learning skills of the students. Chris Klicka, Senior Counsel for the Home School Legal Defense Association, states in his article, â€Å"Home school families, as a whole, do not raise their children in social isolation. â€Å"( Klicka 1) which provides a supporting base to Holt’s claim on the social isolation faced by the students of the education system. Even with all logical evidence and legitimate explanation supporting Holt’s claim this ideology cannot be generalized to everyone. There are kids who would prefer to go to the school and enjoy an exposure to that environment willfully. Many scholars agree that cognitive development should not be pushed and that uniformity is provided by the organized educational system, which has reformed some of its structures to deal with the bugs that Holt’s has stated. The transition in the educational structure to tackle the bugs of the educational system is pretty evident . The perfection of the vast curriculum and academic facilities provided by the educational centers which induces an atmosphere of healthy competition and helps in shaping the potential skills of the students providing them with a better perspective. The concerns raised by John Holt about the education system are valid and there is no doubt that many people can relate to them, but, this should not let the audience ignore the voice of those who contradict with his views. Many scholars agree that the educational system should be reformed in such a way that these two contradicting views are imbued together. The education system is in sheer need of reformation and still has to deal with most of the concerns raised by John Holt, but, that does not mean students should not be given an exposure to this experience. As years have passed the platform to perform and interact with people of diverse backgrounds, provided by the educational institutes, has broadened. In conclusion, this would not just help in giving a reformed structure to the concept of learning but when exposed to the positive aspects of both the structures student can enjoy the perks of both.

History and Physical Examination Essay

Admitting Diagnosis: Stomatitis possibly methotrexate related Chief Complaint: Swelling of lips causing difficulty swallowing History of Present Illness: This patient is a 57-year-old Cuban woman with a long history of rheumatoid arthritis. She has received methotrexate on a weekly basis as an outpatient for many years. Approximately two weeks ago she developed a respiratory infection for which she received antibiotics and completed that course of antibiotics. She developed some ulceration of her mouth and was instructed to discontinue the methotrexate approximately 10 days ago. She showed some initial improvement but over the last 3-5 days has had malaise, a low-grade fever and severe oral alterations with difficulty in swallowing although she can drink liquids with less difficulty. Patient denies any other problems at this point except for flare of arthritis since discontinuing the methotrexate. She has rather diffused pain involving both large and small joints this has caused her some anxiety. Medications: Prednisone 7.5 mg PO daily. Estradiol 0.5 mg PO QAM. Mobic 7.5 mg PO daily. Recently discontinued because of questionable allergic reaction HCTZ 25 mg PO every other day and oral calcium supplements. In the past she has been on pencillamine, azathioprine and hydroxychloroquine but she has not had Azulfidine, cyclophosphamide or chlorambucil. Allergies: none by history Family and Social History: noncontributory Physical Examination: This is a chronically ill appearing female alert oriented and cooperative. She moves with great difficulty because of fatigue and malaise. Vital Signs: Blood pressure 107/80. Heart rate 100 and regular respirations 22. HEENT normal cephalic. No scalp lesions. Dried eyes with  conjuctival injection. Mild exophthalmos. Dry nasal mucosa. Mark cracking bleeding in her lips with erosions of the mucosa. She has a large ulceration of the mucosa at the bite margin on the left. She has some scattered ulcerations on her heart and soft pallets. She has difficulty opening her mouth because of pain. Tonsils not enlarged. No visible exudate. Skin: She has some mild ecchymosis on her skin and some erythema. She has patches but no obvious skin break down. She has some fissuring in the buttix crease. Pulmonary: Clear to precaution and alcostation bilaterally. Cardiovascular: No murmurs or galaps noted. Abdomen: Soft. None tender. Protuberant no organomegaly and positive bowel sounds. Neurologic Exam: Cranial nerves 2-12 are grossly intact. Diffuse hyporeflexia. Muscular Skeletal: Corrosive destructive changes in the elbows, wrists, and hands consistent with rheumatoid arthritis. Has bilateral total knee replacements with stovepipe legs and perimalleolar pitting edema 1 +. I feel no pulses distally in either leg. Psychiatric: Patient is a little anxious about these new symptoms and their significance. We discussed her situation and I offered her psychological services. She refused for now. Problems: 1. Swelling of lips and dysphasia with questionable early Stevens- Johnsons syndrome. 2. Rheumatoid arthritis class 3 stage 4. 3. Flare of arthritis after discontinuing methotrexate. 4. Osteoporosis with compression fracture. 5. Mild dehydration. 6. Nephrolithiasis. 7. Anxiety. Plan: 1. Admit patient for IV hydration and treatment of oral ulcerations. 2. Obtain a dermatology consult. 3. IV leucovorin will be started and the patient will be put on high dose corticosteroids. 4. Considering patients anxiety perhaps obtain services of Stella Rose Dickinson PHD Psychology at a later date. X______________________________________________ Liam Medina, MD Date: 06/22/—- Case Study 5 Discharge Summary Patient Name: Fanny Copeland Patient ID: 115463 Date of Birth: 10/26/— Age: 58 Sex: Female Date of Admission: 04/26/—- Date of Discharge: 05/01/—- Procedure Performed: CT scan. Ms. Copeland is seen for her summary conference from her work up here at Hillcrest Memory Diagnostic Center. I initially saw her on 04/28/—- at which time there was the suspicion of depression. She has since had CAT scan of the brain with contrast of 04/30/—- which was unremarkable. Laboratories studies were completely negative to include normal thyroid function B12 and RPR. She had a formal neurophysiological battery with Dr. Stella Dickinson on 04/26/—- she scored 136 on the dementia rating scale, which is within normal limits for her age. The test result were consistent with mild cognitive defaces manifested by problems with concept formation. Attention and concentration and verbal memory. However the patient is significantly depressed which can produce some memory problems. Her past MRI suggests someone who is experiencing stress. Impression: There was no clinical evidence of dementia but there is evidence of a depressive disorder as the cause of her symptom etiology. No further suicidal or homicidal ideation are present. Recommendations: We recommend a psychiatric evaluation and treatment with re-testing in our facility in one years’ time.

Machiavellis Views of Human Nature and Their Relevance to Todays World essays

Machiavellis Views of Human Nature and Their Relevance to Todays World essays Born in Florence, Italy in 1469, Niccol Machiavelli was the first great political philosopher of the Renaissance. Once a bureaucrat and diplomat for the state of Florence, he was removed from office when the Medici family was restored to power in 1512. He retired to his country home where he, among other works, penned The Prince, a work which has become a political handbook for modern day politicians as well as for those who desire powerwhether it be on Wall Street, through corporate conglomerates, or in their personal relationships. The Prince is a philosophical political view on how one might gain, maintain, and expand the power over the state or states in which a ruler has authority. While Machiavellis views are based on maintaining a monarchy, they can be equated to the corporate world of modern times. In this essay, I will discuss how Machiavellis views of human nature are relevant in the world today, particularly in capitalist economies that produce massive conglomerates. First lets review some of Machiavellis viewpoints. Machiavelli suggests that after overthrowing the current monarchy the new ruling Prince should be the sole authority, making all decisions in his own best interests.1 Any members of the old regime should be annihilated, thus preventing them from regaining power.2 The Prince should be distrustful of the citizens over whom he rules, as they will turn against him when times are bad.3 He should, however, not mistreat them, for even though men are generally ungrateful, liars, and deceivers, they will remain loyal if treated well. This is particularly true to those who are in the best positions to oppose the Prince. If you allow them to believe you are interested in their advice, providing you ask them for their opinions on matters that concern you, theyll feel flattered and inclined to please.4 Machiavelli believed in a separation from the church. The chur...

Serious About Success Becoming A Business Savvy Author

Serious About Success Becoming A Business Savvy Author Self-publishing continues to gain traction and popularity as more and more established and aspiring authors choose to forge their own path in the publishing industry. At the same time, new technologies are making it seem almost effortless to upload a book and showcase it to the world- or, at least to whoever might find it on Amazon. The evolving publishing landscape has created an industry in which authors are much more likely to publish before they’re ready. If an author is serious about being successful, one of the biggest mistakes they can make is entering the book market with no plan or platform. Simply writing and uploading a book to Amazon isn’t enough to make a splash in the current book market, which is why it’s important for authors to develop a marketing plan that begins before publication. Crowdfunding is quickly becoming one of the steps authors choose to take in the pre-publication phase of their marketing efforts. People are able to raise funds for a creative project or business venture Campaign creators are able to devise reward tiers that aim to incentivize their audience to pledge financial support to their project. Rewards should be cost-effective for the campaign creator, but also provide value to the supporter. This means that every supporter receives something in exchange for their financial pledge, so authors shouldn’t be weary that they’re asking people for money. Through the reward-based model, authors are able to offer their book as a reward, which essentially allows them to collect pre-orders through their crowdfunding campaign. This presents not only a way for authors to gauge their audience, but also get a head start on book sales and encouraging reader reviews. Conducting a crowdfunding campaign also provides authors with a tangible way to market their book before publication. It can be difficult to promote a product that doesn’t yet exist, but a crowdfunding campaign serves as a landing page for readers to learn more about the author and their upcoming book. Even if an author doesn’t need funding, there is a great promotional opportunity that comes along with conducting a crowdfunding campaign. Lastly, this tool can help to forge a direct connection between authors and their readers. Authors don’t have access to their readers through marketplaces such as Amazon and traditional bookstores, but through a crowdfunding campaign, authors are able to engage with their supporters and can also receive data on who their supporters are and where they came from. Engagement is key to building a readership community and market analytics from campaign supporters will help authors focus future marketing efforts. Being an author is no longer about writing and publishing. Authors need to be business-minded and cultivate their writing into a platform. Being familiar with industry and market trends and also knowing what tools are available to help them engage with their audience are the keys to success. Crowdfunding may only be one step in the publishing process, but it’s quickly becoming one that shouldn’t be overlooked.

Philosophical Quotes on Art

Philosophical Quotes on Art How to tell an artwork from what is a work of art is not? What is it that makes an object, or a gesture, a work of art? Those questions lie at the core of Philosophy of Art, a major subfield of Aesthetics. Here is a collection of quotes on the subject. Theodor Adorno Art is magic delivered from the lie of being truth. Leonard Bernstein Any great work of art... revives and readapts time and space, and the measure of its success is the extent to which it makes you an inhabitant of that world- the extent to which it invites you in and lets you breathe its strange, special air. Jorge Luis Borges A writer- and, I believe, generally all persons- must think that whatever happens to him or her is a resource. All things have been given to us for a purpose, and an artist must feel this more intensely. All that happens to us, including our humiliations, our misfortunes, our embarrassments, all is given to us as raw material, as clay, so that we may shape our art.​ John Dewey Art is the complement of science. Science as I have said is concerned wholly with relations, not with individuals. Art, on the other hand, is not only the disclosure of the individuality of the artist but also a manifestation of individuality as creative of the future, in an unprecedented response to conditions as they were in the past. Some artists in their vision of what might be but is not, have been conscious rebels. But conscious protest and revolt is not the form which the labor of the artist in creation of the future must necessarily take. Discontent with things as they are is normally the expression of the vision of what may be and is not, art in being the manifestation of individuality is this prophetic vision. Art is not the possession of the few who are recognized writers, painters, musicians; it is the authentic expression of any and all individuality. Those who have the gift of creative expression in unusually large measure disclose the meaning of the individuality of others to those others. In participating in the work of art, they become artists in their activity. They learn to know and honor individuality in whatever form it appears. The fountains of creative activity are discovered and released. The free individuality which is the source of art is also the final source of creative development in time. Eric Fromm The transformation of an atomistic into a communitarian society depends on creating again the opportunity for people to sing together, walk together, dance together, admire together.

HEB Grocery Company Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

HEB Grocery Company - Assignment Example An elaborate plan was made and a new director, John Sturm was hired speifically to lead the E-retailing project. Some good investment went into the back ground research and eventual inplimentation of the E-retailing system. Having embraced technology in its operations in the past, this did not look as a far-fetched idea, it was therefore very welcome. The system involved an overhaul of the HEB online presence; the website had to be redone to include more detailed catalog, product description, product user manuals and point of sale or check out features. Customers were expected to log in into the company’s website, make orders, pay for the orders and eventually have to good delivered at their door steps. The company went on to put up a distribution and delivery system for the products that were ordered online. This was a service that was expected to have runaway success at least on the eyes of the executives at HEB even though profit was a long term issues. It was expcted that the venture would break even in three years and remain into the future. This optimism caused the team to overlook various anormalies that were quite glaring from the word go. Key among the anormalies was the cost implecations of the venture. A rough estimate of the cost indicated that the company would spend up to $5 to pick a customer’s order in the store, and $10 to deliver it to their home. This translated into 15% more overhead cost. The other issue was the cost of maintaining the E-retail system not to mention the cost of putting up a delivery system. Despite these bottle-necks, the company went ahead with the project and on 8th march, 2000; Mr. Fully Clingman (The COO) through a memo to all departments announced the restructuring of management to accommodate the new venture. The rest of the members of staff were equally elated at the prospets of the new system of doing business. In the following months the company would engage in pilot implementations even as they gaged the customer response. Mr. Sturm, the director incharge of HEB.com argued strongly in favour of the project saying that the creation of a transactional pharmacy would enable HEB to leverage existing assets. As well as develop e-commerce expertise, and thus begin to build an online customer base that could be transitioned to online groceries. In retrospects, it’s true that HEB focused more on the company and what they wanted to do in light of what their competitors were doing and consequently lost touch with the customer. One of the strengths that had brought HEB to its current status at the time was its close engagement with the customers. Especially its Community service activities and customer loyalty programs. These are thing that the customers and the community valued so much yet they were going to have to forfeit them in favor of E-retailing. The shopping expirience of walking into a grocery store and picking what you want according to your preference woud also be compr omised. Another very important factor was the kind of goods that people would buy from the grocery store. These were goods that were easily perishable and are usually need fresh; this could not be quaranteed on the E-retailing system due to the transportation factor. The extra over head cost of picking and delivering a product to a consumer from the E-retail system was quite high. 15% over and above the usual cost meant that only those who were extreamly staved for time and had loads of cash would embrace the system. The final and the most important factor was the expected income returns from the project Vis a vie the time to took to break even. Even though profits

Should the US gets itself involved in everything going on in the Research Paper

Should the US gets itself involved in everything going on in the middle east - Research Paper Example 78). This piece of research paper attempts to address how dangerously United States has been playing its diplomatic roles in the Middle East and explains five reasons why the US shouldn’t get involved in everything that go on in the region. This paper analyzes how the political languages the US repeatedly has been using like peace-making, anti-terrorism and weapon proliferation have but shown that they were absolutely meaningless due to the ongoing conflicts in the region, ever-increasing terrorism and devastating weaponry-political ideologies. Five reasons why the US shouldn’t involve in the Middle East United States shouldn’t play its diplomatic roles in military, political and all other activities that go on in the Middle East mainly for the following factors: 1. The main interest behind US’s involvement in the Middle East is to get wider access to oil-resources, which in turn can never be justified in terms of business or international politics. 2. Mid dle East is basically an Islamic region and therefore any involvement from the US side will be seen as an unnecessary involvement especially in religious affairs, and its interest in wars will be merely unjust. 3. As widely known, or as widely being debated in media worldwide, one of the main reason why US involves in the Middle East is to preserve the security and well-being of Israel (Pelletreau, p. 21), and therefore it will have a devastating impact on Middle East people’s perception of the US creating more hatred towards the US. 4. US involvement in Middle East will cause nothing more than giving excitement to the terrorists and thus making the region more vulnerable to ongoing conflicts and political instabilities. 5. The more the US gets involved in the Middle East, the highest the numbers of people, civilians and troops being killed in regions like Palestine, Iraq and other countries. Based on literatures and experts’ opinion, these reasons are detailed below: The US Interest in oil-resources When it comes to the case of recent war between Iraq and the US, for instance, the US gained full of oil resources that can help it fulfill its oil-requirements for years, where as Iraq lost their political and social stability in the country. As Krasner (p. 189) noted, the second World War has actually brought greater demand for oil and that bringing US attention to the Middle East as well. From 1940 onwards, America has been taking serious foreign policies to help it access oil from the Gulf countries. Pauly (p. 160) observed that Middle East has been a vital source for greater access to oil resources and this has brought the attention of the US foreign policy too. Without oil, many countries and many economies would face major disruptions. Similarly, the standard of living even will be greatly impacted if the US lacks oil resources and therefore America has increasingly intervened diplomatically, economically and militarily in the region. The ethi cal and moral sides of this intention and military operation can never be justified and therefore America should stop involving in the affairs OF Middle East. Involvement unjust Economical, diplomatic and military involvement of the US in the Middle Eas

Health Care Reform Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Health Care Reform - Essay Example What is more important is that an individual should consider his or her well being as essential in a given population (Pipes 81-6) Obamacare is one policy that will protect the well being and freedom of each individual. Through this, the government created this law to avoid private sectors or specific persons from harming or exploiting innocent citizens. Failing to agree with this governmental program will mean that a person finds it permissible to be manipulated and be assaulted by the stranger without any penalty accorded to this. Denying this policy is also denying oneself justice and the right to be protected and be taken care of by the government. If citizens agree, then it is inconsistent to reject Obamacare (Pipes 52). The objective of having a healthcare mandate is to promote people's well being. Health is sometimes forgotten when thinking of well being; sometimes it is treated as a luxury, yet it is the physical building block for a person's well being, satisfaction, and happiness. Â  

Future of Japanese Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Future of Japanese Economy - Essay Example Though, very soon they recovered it with 10% average of economic growth in 1960s, 5% during 1970s and closer to 4% in 1980s, but after that, growth slowed down remarkably3. Strong working mentality, good government-industry relationship and implementation of advanced technology were the most favorable reasons responsible for making Japan stand on to the platform of one of the largest economy in the world from post WWII till 80s. Resultant of overinvestment in late 80s and crisis in world oil supply brought another challenge to their economy4. It became necessary for Japan to switch from mobilized productionism to more substantial welfare economy. However, the oscillation between successful drive of the export in late 80s and bang in economy after 80s hazed that requirement and mobilized economic system disappeared very soon5. After the fading away of stock inflation and land prices, an excess of production capacity remained. This factor lowered the profitability of the production and on the other hand, bad loan weakened the financial activity. Government's effort in recovering that downfall was not up to that level and it's clear from the statistics of economy for the duration of 2000-20016. Hence, it is inferred that Japan is in a state of distorted industrial policy and in urgent need of a revolution. The main aim of this paper is to address the main obstacles that Japan is facing and then to state the possible solutions to overcome them. Obstacles in Japanese Economy Japan is facing resistances now-a-days that it had never encountered before. Growth rate which used to be in two digit figure just after war, now expectation growth is below 1% which is too unsure. Country that had incredible unemployment rate till 1980s has now rose to 4.8%. Present crisis of its economy consists of short or middle-term problems like; financial difficulty, trade cycle and public finance. Other than that long term problems are there which are related to going into matured stage of progress. One of the important aspects of Japanese economy is its iron triangle which dominated the people by managing their particular interests. However, due to the changing of technologies and human preferences that system is losing its supremacy. After 1990s when the economy condition is at matured stage, safety and stability becomes the main points of concern; but 'iron triangle'7 sometimes might block the transformation in the required direction. The creation of societal life is supposed to be the center of long term task of Japanese economic society. The population of Japan is expected to reach its peak in 2007 and then turn to decrease which may lead to the composition of population over sixty-five to surpass 20% in the target year of the total population and after that reach the high plateau over 27%-30% after 20 years. This effects the shifting in arrangement of consumption in industries. But, the question here comes whether pure market economy will be able to adapt this shift in consumption as market is driven by profit seeking

How To Help A Friend By Selwyn Hughes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

How To Help A Friend By Selwyn Hughes - Essay Example In â€Å"How To Help A Friend† Selwyn focuses on how to go about the counseling ministry. Whereas the author also adopts the psychological principles in counseling, it is important to note that the foundation of counseling in â€Å"How To Help A Friend,† is purely a Christian approach. The model that Hughes proposes is anchored on the teachings of the Bible on values and how to live a righteous life before the Lord God. It is a firm foundation of Christian living and Christian view of the contemporary world. Hughes offers a rich and varies way of helping friends, family and the church through a difficult situation through Christian approach to counseling. One may observe that by basing his model on Biblical principles and insights, Hughes simplifies the process of counseling. He focuses on the importance of communication during the counseling process as a vital technique. Hughes also offers guidance particularly for young people in the church who face identity crisis su ch as the question of â€Å"who am I?† For Hughes, human behavior may be seen as a result of chance. On the effectiveness of the suggested counseling techniques in the context of a local church and the suggested skills application in the Christian counseling process, Hughes model would apply as follows. In consideration of the uniqueness of Christian counseling, the context of a local church is better approached from the segment. There is the youth ministry, the church as a whole and the church leadership. Hughes model would apply in totality for all the segments.  ... In specific context, using Hughes perspectives, a Christian counselor should facilitate an effective counseling through attending, loving, listening, polite digging for information, responding and terminating the sessions. To begin with, once Christian counselor has identified a situation and intervened, the counselor is advised to give the counselee an undivided attention. This is achieved in the form of giving the counselee a good eye contact. Their posture and body language should communicate that the counselor is at ease with the counselee. This is the foundation of the counseling and it sets grounds for the rest of the sessions (Collins, 2007, p. 89). A Christian counselor must also approach the counseling with unconditional love irrespective of the situation. Hughes approach to counseling with love is based on Jesus teaching on the need not to judge others (John 8:1-11) and expression of genuine love for others (as demonstrated in Luke 7: 36-50). This way, a Christian counselor should approach all the counselees with the love of God that Jesus emphasized in his teachings. Hughes technique of approaching counseling with love may also be seen to be drawn to be anchored on Jesus teaching that we love one another just as he has loved us. He said, â€Å"This is my commandment that you love one another (John 15:12-17).† The effectiveness of this approach is that it allows a Christian counselor to identify the feelings that a member of the local church may be experiencing. The subject could be experiencing anger, setbacks or frustrations. When the counselor reflects back such feelings to the subject, this is likely to create a feeling of being understood and cared for within their unique situations with love. It helps one to open up. When dealing for

Future of Japanese Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Future of Japanese Economy - Essay Example Though, very soon they recovered it with 10% average of economic growth in 1960s, 5% during 1970s and closer to 4% in 1980s, but after that, growth slowed down remarkably3. Strong working mentality, good government-industry relationship and implementation of advanced technology were the most favorable reasons responsible for making Japan stand on to the platform of one of the largest economy in the world from post WWII till 80s. Resultant of overinvestment in late 80s and crisis in world oil supply brought another challenge to their economy4. It became necessary for Japan to switch from mobilized productionism to more substantial welfare economy. However, the oscillation between successful drive of the export in late 80s and bang in economy after 80s hazed that requirement and mobilized economic system disappeared very soon5. After the fading away of stock inflation and land prices, an excess of production capacity remained. This factor lowered the profitability of the production and on the other hand, bad loan weakened the financial activity. Government's effort in recovering that downfall was not up to that level and it's clear from the statistics of economy for the duration of 2000-20016. Hence, it is inferred that Japan is in a state of distorted industrial policy and in urgent need of a revolution. The main aim of this paper is to address the main obstacles that Japan is facing and then to state the possible solutions to overcome them. Obstacles in Japanese Economy Japan is facing resistances now-a-days that it had never encountered before. Growth rate which used to be in two digit figure just after war, now expectation growth is below 1% which is too unsure. Country that had incredible unemployment rate till 1980s has now rose to 4.8%. Present crisis of its economy consists of short or middle-term problems like; financial difficulty, trade cycle and public finance. Other than that long term problems are there which are related to going into matured stage of progress. One of the important aspects of Japanese economy is its iron triangle which dominated the people by managing their particular interests. However, due to the changing of technologies and human preferences that system is losing its supremacy. After 1990s when the economy condition is at matured stage, safety and stability becomes the main points of concern; but 'iron triangle'7 sometimes might block the transformation in the required direction. The creation of societal life is supposed to be the center of long term task of Japanese economic society. The population of Japan is expected to reach its peak in 2007 and then turn to decrease which may lead to the composition of population over sixty-five to surpass 20% in the target year of the total population and after that reach the high plateau over 27%-30% after 20 years. This effects the shifting in arrangement of consumption in industries. But, the question here comes whether pure market economy will be able to adapt this shift in consumption as market is driven by profit seeking

Trifles by Susan Glaspell Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Trifles by Susan Glaspell - Essay Example Oh dear, I almost forgot I was in the middle of baking bread, I hope Mrs. Hale will get rid of it. After all this time the dough would to tough to use. How could I sleep through somebody strangling John in our own bed Well, I guess it's like I told Mr. Hale "I sleep sound". There's no other answer for it. Unless I actually tell them the truth. That I don't sleep in the same room with John, haven't in years. But that would be unbearable. Just think of what the other folks around here would think of me for telling that. They'd either think it was a lie to protect myself or that I was one bad wife. Either way that coming out at this time would not look good. Plus it's not like I have any way to back it up. John is dead now and he was the only other one who knew about it. This place could use a good cleaning up. No wonder people are always glad to get out of here, whether they are going to another jail or home, it's got to be better than this place. I wonder how long they will keep me in here. I hope not too long. I really need to get home and clean up my house. And now it will be even worse with all those men tracking in and out, not caring about how dirty they get the place. What do they care they don't have to clean it. I bet they'd be a lot more careful if they did. Then they'd understand how hard it is to keep a dusty farmhouse clean.

Case Analysis Essay Example for Free

Case Analysis Essay This case focuses on how Toyota as a vehicle manufacturer is looking to get more people to migrate from gas powered vehicles to environment friendly hybrid car variety. The case looks at the automobile market and specifically the hybrid and fuel cell category market in great detail. The automobile industry in general is highly dependent on government regulations and legislatures. There were a lot of pro hybrid and pro Fuel cell legislations that were passed by the California State government which the experts felt that was a matter of time before it would be adopted by other states and would soon become Federal Law. The general trend amidst American customers has been to move from larger cars of American manufacturers to the smaller and better fuel efficiency Japanese cars. It has also been noted that with time the acceptability of hybrid vehicles has been increasing and some states like California are adopting it more easily than others like Memphis. Technologically, whilst Fuel Cells were the cleanest form of vehicle power available, studies had proved that the total impact of extracting hydrogen and then using it in a cell was even greater than a gas powered vehicle. Also, experts felt that it will be 10-20 more years before the fuel cell technology is strong enough. Toyota had invested and committed to developing capacity for the hybrid vehicles while its competition had only looked at hybrids as a temporary fix and were lobbying against certain laws. If imposed, these laws would result in a much higher demand of hybrids. The new hybrid technologies put in place by Toyota also ensured the same driving experience as with other American muscles cars. Problem Definition : The Problem in front of Toyota was simple. Although the Prius had done reasonably well , it was still largely a niche product. Toyota now wanted to move from that stage into mainstream acceptance. It wanted to move up the bell curve into the growth phase of its PLC. Most of the Prius buyers were â€Å"Innovators and Early Adopters – people who had the understanding of technological products and those belonging to urban and semiurban areas. As a company Toyota now had to take Prius and make it more acceptable to the late adaptors and induce people to buy hybrids. Alternatives : The advertising and marketing campaigns of Prius have always revolved around its technical superiority over all other gas powered vehicles while still maintaining the basic performance attributes. However at this stage of the PLC, Prius has to communicate and connect to new customers at an emotional level. Since Late adopters and laggards usually tend to have a delegatory buying behavior, they often tend to make decisions based less on technical aspects of the product. Thus the marketing campaign should focus on portraying the act of being caring about the planet a desirable trait in people. It should also depict the ownership of Prius as a point of Pride – as a medallion of one’s contribution to the planet’s wellbeing. To overcome geographical and demographic biases, the ads should depict different kinds of people, men and women from different states, professions and backgrounds displaying their pride at owning a Prius. Owning a Hybrid should be portrayed as a patriotic duty of every car owner in order to protect the environment and thereby the future of the nation. The more interior states of Memphis and others could use some American Celebs who the people identifies with become brand ambassadors for promoting Hybrid technology. The other possible method could be to focus the attention of the customer to the overall benefit of shifting to a Hybrid both in financial terms and otherwise. The advantage of using such a strategy will be that the differences will be highly tangible and therefore very easy to communicate. At the same time, it will continue to focus on technicalities alone and may be continue to appeal to the technical bent of innovators and early adopters only, in which case it will be difficult to graduate to the next phase of the PLC. Also, we need to understand that the American consumer is not very much price sensitive when it comes to cars, and therefore might not respond to the financial benefit appeal. Recommended Alternatives: The more sensible foot forward would be to primarily work on consumer’s acceptance of the product at a psychological level. This can be achieved if the product can establish an emotional connect with the consumers and then move ahead from there. Thus Toyota has to work on making Prius a preferred brand my making it more American and a more responsible choice. Implementation plans : ? ? ? ? Shift from a technical attribute focus to a more emotional focus Work on advertising campaigns along different media channels to project Prius as the obvious least that one could do to keep the planet clean. Reach out to the semi urban and rural consumer by focusing on how a hybrid makes sense for consumers of different ages, class and category. Make the brand more acceptable to them by using local celebs and building confidence and identity with the brand product.

Examples Of The Company Suffering From Bad Publicity

Examples Of The Company Suffering From Bad Publicity Greenpeace distributed an argumentative video on YouTube about Nestlà ©s source for palm oil for their products. The targeted product was the Kit Kat bar and the video play off the Kit Kat slogan Have a break, Have a Kit Kat. Greenpeace said that Nestlà ©s source have a dirty hands in ruining a rainforests which were natural habits for orangutans. Furthermore, Greenpeaces video also imitative Kit Kats commercial by starting by a bored office worker tearing paper for his boss for hours. He pulls out a Kit Kat bar and bites into it without noticing or caring that the Kit Kat is actually a bleeding orangutan finger, and leaks blood all over his face and keyboard. In this case, Nestle took a quick action removed the video. By today technology, there is still had a way to let YouTube user repost the video. The users started reposting the video all over the internet and the more internet users repost the video all over the internet, and the more videos is taken down, the more videos will added. *What is companys brand positioning? (March 2012) http://www.nestle.com/csv/nutrition/positionedproducts Affordable and nutritious Nestle targeted customer with products that are nutritious, cheaper and tasty. Popularly Positioned Products (PPPs) supply high nutritional value by affordable cost and in suitable formats to send the needs of some 3 billion lower-income consumers worldwide. Their current PPPs spread from culinary products to beverages, to dairy and biscuit with over 400 products are sold under some global brands such as Maggie and Nescafe. These actions bring 30-40% improvement in market penetration within lower-income customers in the last 2 years and increase distribution of Maggie noodles by advertise about affordability and healthy messages. * Provide some information about a recent marketing campaign. http://www.networkworld.com/community/blog/marketing-gone-wild-candy-bars-stalk-you Nestle company launch a promotion called We will find you that find by GPS trackers which the shape alike normal chocolate bars. When a winning customer opens the wrapper, it will activates and send a message to the prize team who tracking them down within 24 hours to deliver a check for  £10,000. This chocolate product can find from KitKat Chunky, Yorkie Milk, KitKat 4 Finger and Aero Peppermint Medium. London showed off this video of Nestle using cutting edge geolocation technology to track down six lucky winners across the UK and Ireland. They believe that this promotion will particularly invoke to men, fascinating them to the chocolate singles category and thus driving increasing sales. Nestlà © Confectionery is delighted to be first to market with this highly innovative GPS for the promotion. During August 2010, Brazil was the first to use GPS, drop it into a product to track you and take marketing promotions to a whole new creepy yet innovative level. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY Corporate Social Responsibility is defined a concept which the company incorporate social and environmental concerns in business operations and interactions with stakeholders on voluntary basis. Does the company promote a positive impact through its activities on the environment, consumers, employees and communities? http://www.ukessays.co.uk/essays/communications/nestle.php Nestle shown great concern for the society though the launch of their concept of Corporate Social Responsibility in 2006, Creating Shared Value (CSR).after the launch of CSR, Nestle undertaken many projects to help the society. A great project that brought significant change to society is The Cocoa Plan project to facilitate African cocoa farmers and the society take advantage of setting market prices by growing their productivity. Nestle funded farmer schools in West Africa to learn better ways which able to produce higher quality cocoa and increase revenue. Not only that, Nestle built a development and research centre that work in hand with Nestle plant science base. Nestle as a partner of International Cocoa Initiative and the World Cocoa foundation solved problems, example child labour and lack of access of education and health such as send farmers to field schools educates the farmer the way to increase productivity and also educated of diseases and prevention ways. In this case , the increasing of income for those West African household enhance their lifestyles. Between that, the dramatically of boosting of production of cocoa increase their exports and conversely decrease their foreign owing. There are also can learn new skills, study the technology and share useful information among the locals who sent to work. http://businesscasestudies.co.uk/nestle/business-principles-in-action-nutritional-labelling/ethics-and-business-principles.html#axzz2L5lKmRxZ Nestle developed two business principles that focused on communications with consumers. One of the business principle is Nestle consumer communication should reflect moderation in food consumption and not encourage overeating especially important regarding children. Another one of the business principle is must combine the desire for healthy and balanced diets. Their advertising must not mean the reposition of meals with snack foods and heavy snacking. Nestle helps consumers recognize and understand the nutritional content of the food that they bought. This is a positive impact on the reputation of the company. Consumers can be know the Nestle behaving responsibly and communicating with them. They also facilitate and promote healthy living for their staffs. Nestle company linked to the Guideline Daily Amounts on the front of packs with the internal communication programme to tell staffs about GDAs and labeling system. In this case, it can help to motivate staffs as showed nestle care d about their well-being and their families.

Will Books Become Extinct? :: Technology Writing Argumentative Papers

Will Books Become Extinct? â€Å"Little House on the Prairie† and â€Å"Goodnight Moon† are my absolute favorite childhood books that were a recurring part of my bedtime routine. My mom would tuck me into my cozy bed and make sure that I picked out a book for her to read and she would sit with me and read to me until I fell asleep. There was not a single night in my childhood that was story-less; I would not be able to fall asleep unless someone read me a book. I cannot imagine a world in which this option is no longer available. It seems as though the personal connection between people and printed books is so strong that they will never disappear but many people think that with the ever-changing technological advances, the printed book will become extinct or at least shoved into the background. I feel as though it is extremely important to keep the printed books around, and without them, a sense of comfort and identity will be lost. I am not alone in my apprehension towards the emerging electronic books. Parents and teachers rely heavily upon the printed book to teach their children and students. With the removal of such a valuable possession, what will schools do and how will they react? There are many questions to ponder when discussing the topic of printed books versus e-books or online print. One that comes immediately to my mind is the idea of picking up a book and lying in bed. How can this happen if we have a computer or hand held device? The electronic version seems extremely distant to me. When I was a child, I used to love looking at the illustrations and turning back a page if I wanted to see a previous picture. Will this be possible with the computer version of books? Also, will these computerized, book-like objects be available to everyone? What happens if someone cannot afford one, yet there are no printed books available? Is our attachment to the printed book based on the id ea that we have grown up with them and have grown to love them? Are our worries about the disappearance of the book concerned with the physical book itself, or perhaps just about the idea that the book represents?

Dubai Culture Essay

Dubai is generally an Arabic country with Arab as its official language. However this should not scare you in any way because there are so many foreigners from all over the world who come as businesspeople, tourists or workers. This means that English is used as a language of communication because it common to many. In fact most of all road and location sign posts are in English and Arabic, this also includes restaurant menus, shop signs and so on. http://www. dubai-101. com/dubai-culture/dubai-culture-3. htm Dubai is therefore a cosmopolitan city because of the different nationalities that have converged here. This means that visitors can dress however they like but must be careful not to antagonize the local Muslim cultures. Therefore it would not be wise for women to dress in tight or skimpy dresses; it would be regarded as disrespectful. The local people love wearing traditional dresses, with men wearing â€Å"dishdasha† or â€Å"khandura† which is a long white shirt like dress that is full length. The men also wear a â€Å"gutra† which is a red or white checked headdress. The women on the other hand wear a headscarf and a black robe-like dress called â€Å"abaya†. The abaya is worn over their normal clothes and is worn while in public. http://www. dubai-101. com/dubai-culture/dubai-culture-3. htm The city is beautiful thus photography unless for restricted areas is not prohibited. One should be careful not to photograph Muslim women since it is considered offensive. Areas that photography cannot be allowed are government buildings, ports, airports and military installations, this because of security reasons. Also before photographing anyone it is considered polite to seek their consent. The main types of dishes are Arabic cuisines and sharwama a hot lamb or chicken sandwich with vegetables is sold in the streets by vendors. Alongside this vendors are juice vendors who take advantage of the hot weather. Alcohol is limited and only allowed in licensed hotels and bars. In general the culture of Dubai is â€Å"Vibrant and very colourful. † http://www. mapsofworld. com/dubai/dubai-culture/ REFERENCES Dubai- Dubai Culture: Retrieved on 9th June 2008 from: http://www. dubai-101. com/dubai-culture/dubai-culture-3. htm Dubai Culture: Retrieved on 9th June 2008 from: http://www. mapsofworld. com/dubai/dubai-culture/

Dog Saves Life Essay

I was very enthusiastic for my world adventure race and wanted to get in shape, therefore I decided to head out for a run. I took my dog, Tazz along who was my constant companion and was very energetic and playful. Moreover, the route I took was very rough and unstable, despite that I carried on with my run in the remote canyon. During my training run, fortuitously I slipped and plunged 60 feet on to the solid rock smashing my pelvis into pieces. I was dreadfully injured but still alive; it was an abominable pain and my next reaction was to get out of here, despite my broken pelvis I tried standing up but I failed. My legs couldn’t support my body and I was unable to walk, besides that I was separated from my dog which aggravated the situation. I was stranded alone in the barren wilderness and I was facing my worst nightmare. Furthermore, I started dragging myself inch by inch which was causing enormous pain and then suddenly my dog appeared and came to my rescue; I was no longer alone and that gave me a comfort. Since he came to me I knew there was a route out and so I followed him, over and above I was planning to get back to my truck however, the pain was augmenting. As the night arrived it was freezing cold and I struggled doing sit-ups to keep my body warm and prevent hypothermia; I was fighting for my life. I just had my dog that cuddled up next to me. The next morning I tried again to drag myself but I was unable to move any further because I had interior bleeding and I was in a critical situation. It was getting difficult to breathe as well as I was losing vision. Moreover, because of the appalling pain I started crying as well as losing hope that anyone would find me and then Tazz came over to me and saw my tears. I could see that he was also upset. Eventually my family members informed the police that I was not receiving the phone calls, therefore a search team mobilized and a local detective knew about my place where I often train, they came searching for me and found my truck. At that point I was dying and so I said to tazz that I’m hurt and he needs to find help; he turned around and took off which was very depressing because then I had to face death alone. Furthermore, tazz was seen by the search team as he found the way out of the canyon. Tazz ran towards them and starting barking thus, one of the officers followed him and eventually found me. I was thankful to God as my ordeal was over. They gave me water and the feeling of having gulps of water actually go down the throat was incredible. I was glad to be alive.

Is the Customer “Always Right”

Is The Customer â€Å"Always Right†? Abstract The customer is always right. It is the merchant’s wealth to safeguard the interests of customers. Many sellers think that some the customer is unreasonable and vulgar. Customer is always right for three reasons. First, the customer is always right is not the criterion of distinguished between right and wrong but is the criteria of the service work because the focus of the work is how to help customers make the right choices, and how to provide good service to customers. Next, understand the psychology of the customer can help employees easily cope with them.It is can make the seller better serving the customers and make customers to have a higher level of satisfaction. Finally, allowing guests to be picky, can improve the quality of companies and salespeople. The example of Apple and Nokia demonstrates that picky customers can make the seller better serving the customers and make customers to have a higher level of satisfac tion. The survival and development of enterprises rely on the trust and support of the customer. Like Zhang (as cited in Gluckman, the last paraphrase 2012) said â€Å"we will always be wrong†. So we will do better!Is The Customer â€Å"Always Right†? The customer is always right. Many people don’t think so, because when customers walk into a store, the clerk gives many different kinds of merchandise for them to choose from. However some customers will complain about the products. Some sellers think that some customers are picky and unreasonable. Nevertheless, no matter what kinds of the customers go into the store, regardless of the attitudes and tempers, they are â€Å"Gods†, since they bring large amount of profit for the business. Therefore, customer is always right and I have three reasons.First of all, the customer is always right† is the goal of service work, not distinguishing between right and wrong. Also, the slogan â€Å"the customer is always right† can be seen in many companies. However many people do not understand it or misunderstand the original meaning of this slogan. â€Å"The customer is always right† is not to judge the rights and wrongs of the matter. It means that companies to do their utmost best to create a good environment for the customers make guests to enjoy quality service, and to ensure the quests feel they have received good value no matter when and where.As Ray Miller (2012) stated, â€Å"It does not matter who is right and who is wrong†. For this sentence a customer may have his or her own ideas, and maybe these ideas are wrong or misguided. If pointed out that the customer is wrong, it will make things worse! Do not need to care about right and wrong with customers as a service industry. How to help customers make the right choices, and how to provide good service to customers that is the focus of service work. Secondly, understanding the psychology of the customer can hel p employees easily cope with them, but how do they cope when the customer is picky?When customers walk into a store, the clerk take out the merchandise give him the choice, more than half of customers are very critical. Frequently, customers don’t want to buy something maybe have three reasons: show off own appreciative, looking for an excuse to demand for lower prices and thinking it’s too expensive, as a reason of do not buy it. Understanding these reasons, employees can more easily seel products. Actually, a salesman usually has three purposes: he or she hopes the transaction is successful, hopes customers come again, and hopes the customers to introduce other customers to the business, because a friendly staff.Therefore, understanding customer psychology is a discipline. Serving customers as serving themselves, therefor they can provide a higher level of satisfaction. Finally, allowing guests to be picky, can improve the quality of companies and salespeople because many good advises from some customers. By contrast, Xiaoyao (2102) noted in â€Å"The difference between Apple and Nokia† that ten years ago, Nokia mobile phone sold was first place staler. With the advancement of technology people's requirements is also rising.Because of the discerning of customers, Apple innovate their products to satisfy a client's needs. However, Nokia did not think that this is important. So, Apple exceeded Nokia less than a decade. Even though some vulgar and unreasonable customer think they always right, a simple philosophy said by Zhang (Gluckman, 2012): â€Å"we always think we are wrong and only take the customer’s need as right† can impel company carry on realistic reason of social activities is society advance and power that develop. In a highly competitive market, customers have a wide right of freedom choice and to purchase the commodity.In fact, the customer also can fire anyone in the company, because they can spend money in oth er places that make customer like a boss. In my opinion, the customer is a consumer of goods and services and is the foundation source of enterprise. The survival and development of enterprises rely on the trust and support of the customer. Therefore, business should consider the issue from the customer’s point of view and it’s crucial to put customer’s satisfaction and their interests at first stage. Following this standard will improve sales and our profits.In other words, there would be no profit if on customers bought products. Hence, taking care of the interests of the guests is to take care of the business own interests. As Zhang (Gluckman, 2012) said â€Å"we will always be wrong†. So we will do better! Reference Miller, R. (2012). Is the customer always right? Retrieved from http://www. thetrainingbank. com/article_is_the_customer_always_right. htm Gluckman, R. (2012). Every Customer Is Always Right. Forbes, 189(9), 38-40. Xiaoyao (2010,7). The di fference between Apple and Nokia Retrieved from http://www. williamlong. info/archives/2236. html ———————– 1

Carnap Empiricism, Semantics and Ontology Essay

Carnap Empiricism, Semantics and Ontology - Essay Example The concern on the use of abstract entities in semantics comes from the two divergent views held by semanticists. One group of semanticists; especially those inclined to science hold that some expressions refer to entities including both concrete materials and abstract entities. Concrete materials refer to tangible objects such as trees. However, other semanticists oppose such a view and argue that such a perspective goes against the principles of empiricism and takes semantics back to the â€Å"Metaphysical Ontology of the Platonic Kind† (Carnap 242). By saying that such a perspective takes semantics to â€Å"Metaphysical of the Platonic Kind† implies that the approach reduces semantics to imitation where semantics can only refer to observable objects. The paper will therefore explore the best approach that may used in inclusion of abstract entities into semantics and avert a controversy as one brought out by Carnap. It will be achieved by first discussing linguistic f rameworks, numbers as abstract realities and the implication of accepting a new kind of entities. To dispel the controversy presented above, Carnap begin by discussing the linguistic frameworks. Carnap poses a question on whether there exist classes, properties and propositions and goes ahead to assert that such can only be understood by recognizing the distinction between two forms of questions touching on the reality of entities (242). Firstly, Carnap discusses about internal questions that are formulated using new structures of expression. Answers to internal questions may only be achieved by following a logical sequence or empirical methods based on whether the framework is a factual or logical one (242). Logical sequencing refers to finding answers through a series of questions. Empirical method refers to answering question using theories. On the other hand, external questions are in complex forms and require closer evaluation. The reason

Business Culture of Spain Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Culture of Spain - Research Paper Example Policies can be defined as those objectives which have been declared by the government and seek to realize and reserve the national community interest. In a country like Spain therefore, there must be policies which guide the conduct of business practice. These policies may be appealing or unappealing before the business community. The commercial laws and regulations of Spain were modernized in 1986 immediately after its entry into the European Union. Its policy framework is fairly compared with other countries that are from within Europe. There has been the streamlining of bureaucratic procedures and elimination of the red tape. (Ibpus.com, 2012) There is the existence of quasi-independent bodies which regulate several sectors of the economy. In the real sense, they are not independent as they are still fighting and struggling to be. One of the processes which have been steady but slow is the switch from monopolies which are state-owned to full competition that is open. Spain is not formal as is the United States of America in the comment procedure for the projected rule-making changes. This is due to the fact that most laws and guidelines are published as drafts before they are effected. (Ibpus.com, 2012) For one to start a company in Spain, they will be supposed to work under certain simple procedures. To start, they are supposed to acquire a certificate of uniqueness of the proposed company name from the Office of Mercantile Register. The next step is to open a bank account for the company or business you intend to start and then deposit the principal you have in that bank. After that, you have to be given a certificate of deposit. All these are again followed by surrendering a public deed of incorporation before a public notary, it takes a day and charges approximately â‚ ¬500 depending on the share capital amount you have and the complex nature of the process. Submit the

Stock Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Stock Market - Essay Example I chose these stocks as a foundation for a diversified portfolio and would like to build positions in each company for long-term holdings targeting 5-10 years. With the exception of Yongye, these stocks are all industry leaders and corporate entities with large asset bases and established business/consumer products. I chose these stocks because I believe that they should not only outperform the market but also limit downside risk to preserve capital. Due to the requirements of the assignment, I chose my entry points for the stock purchases late in order to capitalize on building my position through purchasing at a lower initial price. Over the course of the investment cycle, from 5/27/2011 to 6/2/2011, the rate of return of each of these stocks can be seen charted in comparison to the S&P 500 Index, the Dow Jones Industrial Average, and the TSX Index. As can be seen in the chart above (from Yahoo Finance), YONG outperformed all stocks including the index over this period by a wide ma rgin, up over 30% on the period. Unfortunately, due to the weight of YONG in my portfolio vs. the other equities, this gain was not enough to offset losses, particularly in OMX which underperformed the Indexes by around 10% in this same period. AAPL outperformed the Indexes by a small margin, around 2% during this period. GOLD tracked the DJIA with very little deviation from the Indexes during this timeframe. I attempted a second purchase of OMX during this period to average down my entry price per share after the decline. Table 1: Buy and Sell Orders executed over the course of the project. Table 2: Buy and Sell Orders executed over the course of the project. Table 3: Portfolio – trading performance over the course of the project. Investment Analysis: In building my portfolio for the trading project, I wanted to implement the basics of a balanced portfolio by building positions in different sectors for the purpose of diversification. My interest in YONG was for rapid growth and in expectation of press release activity favorable to the company, and the stock was able to produce 30% gains over the course of trading which I locked in by selling a portion of my initial investment. The GOLD position can be considered as a hedge and also as a long-term investment in the future of the mining industry. My analysis of Randgold indicated that by owning the actual real estate in which the gold and other precious mineral reserves were located, this was a significant and appreciable asset of the company that indicated an undervalued state in the appreciating precious metals market. Furthermore, the company has the facilities for R&D in the precious metals mining sector which few other companies possess. In similar motivation, I chose Apple (AAPL) because of the leading effect of the iPhone, iPad, and other products in reflecting consumer lifestyle innovation through technology. I am impressed with Apple’s minimal debt load as a company, their international e xpansion prospects for product sales, and the financial position of the company as reflected in cash on the books, growing sales, expanding markets, etc. This company is the largest in the world by market capitalization and the benchmark of the NASDAQ index, outperforming on the ability

Compairing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Compairing - Essay Example Let’s have a review of Ford Fiesta, a small car whose recommended price in Great Britain Pound (GBP) including taxes was 14,102 while excluding taxes it was 12,001. Prices shown herein are based on recommended retail price adjusted for equipment difference effective on Jan 1, 2010. Ford Focus, a Medium segment car, carried a recommended price including taxes, which was 20,247 while excluding taxes it was 17,231. Ford Mondeo’s recommended price inclusive of taxes was 24,309 while excluding taxes it was 20,688 GBP (European Commission, 2010). These car prices have been provided by the car manufacturers themselves through their associations (ACEA) and (JAMA). It should be noted that actual car prices may not be the same as recommended prices, as it depends on dealers to offer reduced prices and extra monetary benefits to their customers seeing the market trends (European Commission, 2010). Considering the Eurostat figures indicating reduced effect of inflation on car market in comparison to other products, the year-on-year change in actual car prices from January 2009 to January 2010 for the United Kingdom in % was 11.2 in nominal car price and 7.7 in actual car price (European Commission, 2010). In Small segment area A & B, Ford Fiesta has been one of the best selling cars whose prices for the three consecutive years from 2008 to 2010 are given below in percentages of prices in euro before taxes (European Commission, 2010). Incidentally, it would be interesting to compare in small segment the price behavior of Ford Fiesta with other cars like Peugeot 206/207, Renault Clio, Fiat Grande Punto/Punto and VW Polo. In 1/01/2008, Peugeot 206/207 price difference was 32.6%, which showed only a little increase of 32.7% in 1/01/2009 while in the next year i.e. 1/01/2010, Peugeot price difference was 39.7%. As we note down from the table 1, coming down from Peugeot, to Renault Clio, to Fiat Grande Punto to VW Polo to Ford Fiesta, all